A Beginner's Guide to Growing Tree Ferns

Tree ferns are a wonderful addition to any garden. With their lush foliage and unique appearance, they create a tropical oasis even in temperate climates. If you’re thinking about growing tree ferns, this guide will provide you with essential information to help you get started. From choosing the right type of fern to learning about their care requirements, we’ve got you covered.

Growing Tree Ferns: Understanding the Basics

Tree ferns belong to a group of ancient plants known as pteridophytes. Unlike flowering plants, ferns reproduce via spores instead of seeds. There are several types of tree ferns, but the most common in cultivation is the Dicksonia antarctica. This species is known for its robust trunk and fronds.

Growing conditions are key to ensuring your tree ferns thrive. They thrive in a humid environment, plenty of shade, and well-draining soil. They are however, very adaptable plants and can flourish in full sun with additional watering.

A vibrant landscape featuring lush ferns in a garden setting

Choosing the Right Location for Your Tree Ferns

Selecting the right spot to plant your tree ferns is crucial. Tree ferns prefer shaded areas that mimic their natural habitat. Therefore, areas under larger trees or near shaded structures are ideal.

When planting, ensure the location is sheltered from strong winds, as tree ferns can be quite delicate. Poor wind protection can damage fronds and disrupt their growth. A location that receives morning sunlight but is shaded in the afternoon is perfect.

A more unusual shaped trunk as a result of the fern falling down in nature then growing towards the light.

Soil Requirements for Tree Ferns

Tree ferns thrive in nutrient-rich, well-draining soil. The best soil mix for tree ferns includes a combination of potting soil, compost, and well rotten manure. This mix retains moisture but allows excess water to drain away easily.

It’s important to avoid compacted soil and ensure good aeration around the roots. You can enhance the soil with organic matter, such as decomposed leaves and mulch, which helps provide the essential nutrients.

Consider adding mycorrhizal fungi to the soil and dusting the trunk before planting an unrooted log. This will help the fern establish a strong root system.

Watering Your Tree Ferns

Proper watering is vital for the health of tree ferns. These plants thrive in moist environments, so regular watering is important.

The soil should be kept consistently moist but not waterlogged. Pay attention to your climate; in hotter months, you may need to water daily or every other day. If you notice the fronds wilting, that's a sign that your tree fern needs more water. Water the soil, trunk and into the crown (top) as part of your daily routine for established ferns. For newly imported ferns the trunks need a daily soaking to help re-hydrate them until you see signs of growth.

You can also mist the fronds regularly to increase humidity but avoid doing this whilst the sun is strong as it may lead to burn.

Fertilizing Tree Ferns

Fertilizing tree ferns is essential for encouraging growth during the growing season, which is typically from spring to early autumn. Specialist tree fern feed, aimed at replicating the nutrients from debris that would naturally collect in the crown in nature is available.

You can also feed your tree ferns with a diluted seaweed every few weeks during the growing season to help it absorb nutrients.

Maintenance Tips for Tree Ferns

Maintaining your tree ferns involves regular care and attention. Regularly check for pests and diseases such as scale insects or fungal infections. Early detection is key to protecting your ferns.

Dead or damaged fronds should be pruned away to allow room for new growth. Use sharp secateurs to make clean cuts around 6-8" from the base of the frond.

In colder climates, use a ball of horticultural fleece to stuff the crown to protect from frost over winter, removing during warmer periods. If you expect -5C or lower, then also wrap the top 18-24" of the trunk with multiple layers of horticultural fleece or hessian, this wrap can be left in place all winter to avoid constant wrapping and unwrapping. Use a good quality fleece (70gsm or higher).

Perform regular inspections

Finding the Best Tree Ferns for Sale

If you are ready to start your tree fern journey, you can find high-quality selections online. Many growers offer a variety of tree ferns for sale, including the popular Dicksonia antarctica. These sources provide plants that are well-cared for and ready to thrive in your garden.

Consider visiting local nurseries or specialist nurseries to see a selection in person. When purchasing, look for healthy plants with vibrant fronds and strong trunks.

Transforming Your Garden with Tree Ferns

Incorporating tree ferns into your garden can create a stunning visual effect. They work well in groups or as standalone specimens. Their unique structure adds height and interest, making them perfect for creating layers in your landscaping.

Consider also pairing them with other shade-loving plants such as hostas, astilbes, or bleeding hearts. This combination creates a rich tapestry of textures and colours in your garden.

Tree ferns are not only beautiful but also resilient, allowing you to bring a slice of the tropics to your own garden. With the right care and attention, these majestic plants can thrive and enhance the beauty of your garden for years to come.

In summary, growing tree ferns isn’t just about planting them; it’s about understanding their needs and providing the right conditions for them to flourish. Take your time to learn and adapt, and you will be rewarded with stunning foliage that brings your garden to life.